1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:00,000 Jodi Duval_Cannabis for Health Optimization: 2 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:00,649 Good morning. 3 00:00:01,199 --> 00:00:02,859 It was so lovely to see you 4 00:00:02,869 --> 00:00:04,249 or some of you last night. 5 00:00:04,249 --> 00:00:05,990 So thank you so much for coming along. 6 00:00:06,149 --> 00:00:10,270 And I hope you enjoy my accent because 7 00:00:10,270 --> 00:00:12,129 I tend to get that everywhere here. 8 00:00:12,169 --> 00:00:15,160 When I'm here, I get pulled over in the 9 00:00:15,169 --> 00:00:18,200 hallway and get asked to say car park. 10 00:00:18,240 --> 00:00:19,220 And I don't know why. 11 00:00:22,100 --> 00:00:24,779 So today, I'm talking about cannabis. 12 00:00:24,835 --> 00:00:26,725 It's quite ironic actually because 13 00:00:26,825 --> 00:00:29,415 in Australia it is still very limited 14 00:00:29,425 --> 00:00:32,385 access and that is quite the funny part. 15 00:00:32,385 --> 00:00:35,735 But I am a bit of a rebel and I do like 16 00:00:35,735 --> 00:00:38,185 finding the best things for my clients 17 00:00:38,595 --> 00:00:41,205 and today I wanted to make this a talk for 18 00:00:41,205 --> 00:00:44,491 you and make it very clinically relevant. 19 00:00:44,491 --> 00:00:44,691 Paint 20 00:00:44,783 --> 00:00:44,783 Jodi Duval_Cannabis for Health Optimization: 21 00:00:44,783 --> 00:00:48,303 a bit of a picture of how beautiful 22 00:00:48,303 --> 00:00:50,803 the cannabis plant can be and 23 00:00:50,803 --> 00:00:52,233 the enormity of how it treats. 24 00:00:52,703 --> 00:00:55,373 And also, the system within the system, 25 00:00:55,373 --> 00:00:57,873 the endocannabinoid system that we have. 26 00:00:58,313 --> 00:01:00,363 I found it so fascinating, and when Dr. 27 00:01:00,363 --> 00:01:02,773 Ted asked me to create a module, 28 00:01:02,923 --> 00:01:05,033 the advanced module for Home Hope on 29 00:01:05,103 --> 00:01:08,593 cannabis, I dived really, really deep. 30 00:01:08,823 --> 00:01:10,503 I had a fabulous time doing it. 31 00:01:10,913 --> 00:01:12,733 And this is just a small little 32 00:01:12,733 --> 00:01:14,773 snippet of what I found out. 33 00:01:14,833 --> 00:01:15,773 So let's get started. 34 00:01:16,443 --> 00:01:16,893 All right. 35 00:01:16,943 --> 00:01:17,183 Dr. 36 00:01:17,253 --> 00:01:19,643 Ethan Russo has come up with, some 37 00:01:19,643 --> 00:01:21,573 fascinating information on cannabis. 38 00:01:22,093 --> 00:01:23,813 He does say that cannabis is the 39 00:01:23,833 --> 00:01:26,053 single most versatile herbal remedy 40 00:01:26,203 --> 00:01:28,193 and the most useful plant on earth. 41 00:01:28,773 --> 00:01:30,433 Cannabis has a little bit 42 00:01:30,463 --> 00:01:32,893 of a stigma surrounding it. 43 00:01:33,263 --> 00:01:34,393 I don't know about you guys here, 44 00:01:34,393 --> 00:01:36,523 but we call cannabis smokers in 45 00:01:36,533 --> 00:01:41,143 Australia, potheads, stoners. 46 00:01:41,143 --> 00:01:42,413 It's got a really bad 47 00:01:42,413 --> 00:01:44,203 connotation linked to it. 48 00:01:44,453 --> 00:01:46,253 I also like breaking the stigma. 49 00:01:46,823 --> 00:01:49,763 Natural medicine or, alternative medicine 50 00:01:49,813 --> 00:01:51,893 has, certain things that said about it. 51 00:01:52,113 --> 00:01:54,523 And so I like to really bridge that gap 52 00:01:54,523 --> 00:01:57,193 and present a much more professional 53 00:01:57,513 --> 00:02:00,833 and medical opinion on that. 54 00:02:00,873 --> 00:02:04,873 It is a fantastically useful plant and I 55 00:02:04,903 --> 00:02:07,393 think some medicines and pharmaceuticals 56 00:02:07,393 --> 00:02:08,673 should be jealous of cannabis. 57 00:02:08,673 --> 00:02:10,513 What it does is incredible. 58 00:02:11,223 --> 00:02:13,023 It's definitely not just about getting 59 00:02:13,023 --> 00:02:15,413 high and we do like high at Home Hope. 60 00:02:15,853 --> 00:02:17,433 So we're going to do a bit of 61 00:02:17,433 --> 00:02:18,643 a walkthrough, just a little 62 00:02:18,643 --> 00:02:19,703 bit of an overview of cannabis. 63 00:02:20,233 --> 00:02:21,383 Then we're going to have, the 64 00:02:21,383 --> 00:02:23,573 amazing endocannabinoid ohm. 65 00:02:23,623 --> 00:02:24,443 So it's a little bit of 66 00:02:24,443 --> 00:02:25,333 a take on the holobiont. 67 00:02:26,133 --> 00:02:28,033 And endocannabinoid system, so we're 68 00:02:28,033 --> 00:02:29,283 doing a bit of a distribution and 69 00:02:29,863 --> 00:02:32,123 regulation and I'm not sure, has anyone 70 00:02:32,133 --> 00:02:35,473 heard of the term endocannabinoid tone? 71 00:02:35,993 --> 00:02:37,813 So, Ethan Russo also talks 72 00:02:37,813 --> 00:02:39,253 a lot, a lot about that. 73 00:02:39,473 --> 00:02:40,423 And then we'll talk about, 74 00:02:40,623 --> 00:02:42,223 amazing detection and correction 75 00:02:42,233 --> 00:02:44,803 strategies, along the same framework 76 00:02:44,853 --> 00:02:46,353 that we have here at HomeHope. 77 00:02:48,758 --> 00:02:50,048 Alright, so it all has to 78 00:02:50,048 --> 00:02:51,058 start at the beginning though. 79 00:02:51,618 --> 00:02:54,358 From the Tibetan Plateau, cannabis reached 80 00:02:54,358 --> 00:02:56,408 Europe approximately 6 million years ago. 81 00:02:56,908 --> 00:02:58,788 And it spread as far as eastern 82 00:02:58,788 --> 00:03:01,218 China by 1.2 million years ago. 83 00:03:01,828 --> 00:03:03,468 Here, really the origin 84 00:03:03,468 --> 00:03:03,948 of cannabis is far. 85 00:03:05,020 --> 00:03:07,650 . Fast spread, but the uses of 86 00:03:07,650 --> 00:03:09,670 cannabis, and being just a medicine, 87 00:03:09,670 --> 00:03:11,780 but it also is a bioaccumulator. 88 00:03:11,810 --> 00:03:12,600 It's a bit of a cleanup. 89 00:03:13,090 --> 00:03:15,990 So it does have phyto remediation 90 00:03:15,990 --> 00:03:18,130 properties and, can clean up 91 00:03:18,130 --> 00:03:20,030 heavy metals, radio, nucleotides, 92 00:03:21,670 --> 00:03:23,580 and much more from the soils. 93 00:03:23,990 --> 00:03:26,300 So this is also when we're looking at the 94 00:03:26,300 --> 00:03:28,943 quality of cannabis, we actually need to 95 00:03:28,943 --> 00:03:31,243 make sure that it is growing in the best 96 00:03:31,243 --> 00:03:33,973 possible way and this can affect outcomes. 97 00:03:36,103 --> 00:03:36,553 Okay. 98 00:03:37,133 --> 00:03:38,973 So the strains, we have a lot 99 00:03:38,973 --> 00:03:40,593 of different hybrids out there. 100 00:03:40,633 --> 00:03:43,753 So majority is hybrids, now, but 101 00:03:43,983 --> 00:03:47,203 we do have Sativa Indica, and there 102 00:03:47,213 --> 00:03:49,613 is a strain called Ruderalis, but 103 00:03:49,663 --> 00:03:51,930 mainly in the hybrid area as well. 104 00:03:52,700 --> 00:03:54,310 So, Sativa is known for its 105 00:03:54,320 --> 00:03:56,430 energizing and uplifting, and 106 00:03:56,450 --> 00:03:58,770 Indica particularly sedating. 107 00:03:59,190 --> 00:04:00,820 So, slightly different effects, 108 00:04:00,820 --> 00:04:02,070 and now they are combined 109 00:04:02,070 --> 00:04:03,827 to have different impacts. 110 00:04:06,247 --> 00:04:07,967 Alright, did we know that there was 111 00:04:07,967 --> 00:04:12,017 this many cannabinoids 100 or over 140? 112 00:04:12,077 --> 00:04:14,477 I think we're at about 144 at the moment. 113 00:04:14,837 --> 00:04:15,947 Different cannabinoids. 114 00:04:16,277 --> 00:04:18,287 The most well known being Delta 115 00:04:18,292 --> 00:04:21,707 nine or the lovely get high one 116 00:04:22,067 --> 00:04:24,942 and the cannabidol, which is a CBD. 117 00:04:25,662 --> 00:04:27,492 These compounds, they interact with the 118 00:04:27,502 --> 00:04:30,002 endocannabinoid system, and, this plays a 119 00:04:30,012 --> 00:04:32,722 role in regulating different physiological 120 00:04:32,722 --> 00:04:34,512 processes which we will go through. 121 00:04:35,212 --> 00:04:36,762 So there, that diagram is just a little 122 00:04:36,762 --> 00:04:38,842 bit more on the cannabinoid biosynthesis. 123 00:04:41,422 --> 00:04:44,162 So here, I really do love this diagram, 124 00:04:44,162 --> 00:04:46,342 and I created this for the module. 125 00:04:46,342 --> 00:04:47,722 It just gives a really good overview 126 00:04:47,772 --> 00:04:49,402 of different actions associated 127 00:04:49,402 --> 00:04:52,172 with your different cannabinoids. 128 00:04:52,172 --> 00:04:53,362 So CBD, as you can see in the 129 00:04:53,362 --> 00:04:55,432 middle, has a huge variety of 130 00:04:55,462 --> 00:04:57,292 different uses and actions. 131 00:04:57,742 --> 00:05:02,442 And then we go through CBC, CBG, CBGC, 132 00:05:02,992 --> 00:05:06,612 and CBN, which all of you have a little 133 00:05:06,612 --> 00:05:08,522 bit of a sneaky bit of CBN as well. 134 00:05:08,762 --> 00:05:11,352 It's a sedative and sleep inducing, and 135 00:05:11,352 --> 00:05:14,602 we also have Delta-9, Delta-8, and there's 136 00:05:14,602 --> 00:05:16,292 a few others that we don't know about. 137 00:05:16,752 --> 00:05:18,292 So that's a really good chart just 138 00:05:18,342 --> 00:05:20,062 to see the comprehensiveness of 139 00:05:20,092 --> 00:05:22,362 treatment options for cannabinoids. 140 00:05:25,542 --> 00:05:26,692 So we have some cannabinoids 141 00:05:26,692 --> 00:05:27,762 here gaining attention. 142 00:05:28,022 --> 00:05:29,402 So we have CBG, CBN. 143 00:05:30,427 --> 00:05:33,077 Delta 8 and Delta 10. 144 00:05:33,477 --> 00:05:35,207 Now Delta 8 got itself into a 145 00:05:35,207 --> 00:05:37,317 little bit of trouble recently but 146 00:05:37,337 --> 00:05:39,437 it does have psychoactive effects. 147 00:05:39,557 --> 00:05:42,547 So Delta 8 is also known to produce a 148 00:05:42,547 --> 00:05:44,457 less intense, high than Delta 9. 149 00:05:44,757 --> 00:05:46,237 So that's where it got a little 150 00:05:46,237 --> 00:05:47,517 bit more of its popularity, 151 00:05:47,547 --> 00:05:49,007 using beer and all sorts. 152 00:05:49,047 --> 00:05:51,627 And Delta 10 as well, so that has, 153 00:05:51,707 --> 00:05:53,207 psychoactive effects, but they're 154 00:05:53,207 --> 00:05:54,907 not too sure, and there's limited 155 00:05:54,917 --> 00:05:56,377 research on that at the moment. 156 00:05:58,777 --> 00:06:00,967 So here are some cannabinoids 157 00:06:00,967 --> 00:06:02,157 yet to gain attention. 158 00:06:02,217 --> 00:06:03,707 Now don't forget there is a hundred and, 159 00:06:04,237 --> 00:06:06,687 forty-four these are just some of them 160 00:06:06,717 --> 00:06:08,947 that we're going through here but again, 161 00:06:09,077 --> 00:06:12,307 little, research done on a lot of these. 162 00:06:12,667 --> 00:06:18,757 So we have CBND, CBE, CBL, and CBT. 163 00:06:19,237 --> 00:06:21,557 So some of these you may not have even 164 00:06:21,867 --> 00:06:23,927 seen pop up in any of the research. 165 00:06:23,927 --> 00:06:29,967 All right, so when I come to the 166 00:06:30,017 --> 00:06:32,957 entourage effect later on, then 167 00:06:33,017 --> 00:06:35,837 this is where we have cannabinoids 168 00:06:36,097 --> 00:06:39,417 and terpenes really making friends. 169 00:06:39,977 --> 00:06:42,437 When we have terpenes, terpenes are 170 00:06:42,457 --> 00:06:46,307 in multiple plant worlds, and we 171 00:06:46,317 --> 00:06:48,517 have more than 200 different terpenes. 172 00:06:49,132 --> 00:06:52,072 Terpenes make it have its distinct 173 00:06:52,212 --> 00:06:54,762 smell, and taste, but it also 174 00:06:55,042 --> 00:06:57,142 has been identified, for a lot 175 00:06:57,142 --> 00:06:59,032 of different therapeutic actions. 176 00:06:59,592 --> 00:07:01,672 So these therapeutic actions are listed 177 00:07:01,672 --> 00:07:04,852 here, again, in a lovely diagram, 178 00:07:05,242 --> 00:07:06,822 as I say that because I created it. 179 00:07:07,402 --> 00:07:09,622 Pinene, limonene, you know, limonene, 180 00:07:09,622 --> 00:07:11,262 obviously lemon, so there's some that 181 00:07:11,262 --> 00:07:14,932 you may recognize here, but they do 182 00:07:14,972 --> 00:07:17,472 have these as isolations, that can 183 00:07:17,502 --> 00:07:19,772 also be used for therapeutic use. 184 00:07:23,242 --> 00:07:24,942 Alright, so now we get to the good part. 185 00:07:26,207 --> 00:07:28,617 So, at Home Hope, and this is what I 186 00:07:28,617 --> 00:07:30,527 loved in my practice and this is what 187 00:07:30,797 --> 00:07:33,387 I wanted to bring more to my practice. 188 00:07:33,387 --> 00:07:34,977 Naturopathic medicine is holistic 189 00:07:34,977 --> 00:07:37,507 in itself, but what I love about 190 00:07:37,567 --> 00:07:38,927 health optimization medicine and 191 00:07:38,927 --> 00:07:40,707 practice is the dashboard, as 192 00:07:40,707 --> 00:07:42,437 Ted had spoken about earlier. 193 00:07:42,907 --> 00:07:44,757 And you really get a good understanding 194 00:07:44,757 --> 00:07:47,527 of exactly what your client is needing. 195 00:07:47,587 --> 00:07:48,997 And there's multiple dashboards 196 00:07:49,067 --> 00:07:51,297 across different tools 197 00:07:51,307 --> 00:07:52,627 that you can also be using. 198 00:07:53,237 --> 00:07:55,367 At HomeHope, a HoloBiont approach 199 00:07:55,607 --> 00:07:57,797 is taken, and understanding 200 00:07:58,027 --> 00:07:59,227 interdependence of all those 201 00:07:59,257 --> 00:08:00,717 systems, organs, and body parts, 202 00:08:00,787 --> 00:08:02,387 and the diverse community around it. 203 00:08:02,917 --> 00:08:04,487 So cannabis is components and 204 00:08:04,487 --> 00:08:06,487 interactions are no different. 205 00:08:06,997 --> 00:08:07,907 And so this is where the 206 00:08:07,937 --> 00:08:09,557 endocannabinoidome comes in. 207 00:08:09,617 --> 00:08:11,367 When we're looking at the entourage 208 00:08:11,367 --> 00:08:14,337 effect, it's the combination of 209 00:08:14,397 --> 00:08:17,147 cannabinoids, terpenes in cannabis 210 00:08:17,167 --> 00:08:21,167 medicine, and this was first proposed 211 00:08:21,167 --> 00:08:23,527 by Raphael, and the endocannabinoid 212 00:08:23,527 --> 00:08:25,207 system exhibits increased activity 213 00:08:25,207 --> 00:08:27,757 when the inactive metabolites are 214 00:08:27,757 --> 00:08:30,057 also closely related to the molecules. 215 00:08:30,067 --> 00:08:32,522 So, we're actually combining the 216 00:08:32,522 --> 00:08:35,772 whole plant really for optimal impact 217 00:08:35,782 --> 00:08:37,742 and optimal effect on our clients. 218 00:08:38,302 --> 00:08:39,922 Botanical drugs may be more effective 219 00:08:39,922 --> 00:08:41,192 than isolated components due to 220 00:08:41,192 --> 00:08:43,092 the entourage effect, which has 221 00:08:43,092 --> 00:08:45,142 been popularized by Ethan Russo. 222 00:08:45,807 --> 00:08:47,037 When we look at these specific 223 00:08:47,037 --> 00:08:48,677 treatments, we're actually making 224 00:08:48,677 --> 00:08:50,037 sure that we're actually matching 225 00:08:50,057 --> 00:08:51,547 some of these impacts across. 226 00:08:52,017 --> 00:08:53,967 And when they are combined, 227 00:08:53,987 --> 00:08:55,727 they definitely have more power. 228 00:08:56,027 --> 00:08:57,687 And I see that as more of a, even as 229 00:08:57,687 --> 00:08:59,947 a community of people, if you bind 230 00:08:59,947 --> 00:09:01,747 together and you have a lot more 231 00:09:01,747 --> 00:09:03,622 power, you have a lot more support. 232 00:09:05,522 --> 00:09:07,682 So here, when I found this diagram, 233 00:09:07,682 --> 00:09:09,092 I was so excited and I said to Dr. 234 00:09:09,092 --> 00:09:09,882 Ted, I'm like, Dr. 235 00:09:09,882 --> 00:09:11,642 Ted, I found something like the holobiont! 236 00:09:13,252 --> 00:09:13,982 And I don't know if he was 237 00:09:14,102 --> 00:09:15,382 as excited as me, but I was. 238 00:09:15,782 --> 00:09:17,222 When you have here, this diagram, 239 00:09:17,272 --> 00:09:21,722 explains that really exclusive, huge 240 00:09:21,722 --> 00:09:24,132 expanded endocannabinoid system. 241 00:09:24,892 --> 00:09:26,532 So the interaction between lipid 242 00:09:26,532 --> 00:09:29,388 mediators, 20 biosynthetic inactivated 243 00:09:29,428 --> 00:09:31,158 enzymes, more than 20 molecular 244 00:09:31,158 --> 00:09:34,038 targets, and so much more. 245 00:09:34,038 --> 00:09:36,258 So this all regulates and maintains 246 00:09:36,258 --> 00:09:37,878 a homeostasis by regulating 247 00:09:37,878 --> 00:09:39,718 pain, appetite, mood, immunity, 248 00:09:39,718 --> 00:09:41,528 stress response, sleep, and more. 249 00:09:45,798 --> 00:09:48,138 So now we dive into the actual 250 00:09:48,188 --> 00:09:50,008 endocannabinoid system, and 251 00:09:50,038 --> 00:09:52,038 it is a relatively new system. 252 00:09:52,498 --> 00:09:55,308 So we'll talk here about endocannabinoid 253 00:09:55,328 --> 00:09:58,548 receptors, and how we actually have 254 00:09:58,548 --> 00:10:01,338 these beautiful use of endocannabinoids 255 00:10:01,388 --> 00:10:02,508 within ourselves as well. 256 00:10:03,188 --> 00:10:04,578 So here, this diagram just really 257 00:10:04,578 --> 00:10:07,818 explains more, visually about the 258 00:10:07,838 --> 00:10:12,018 expanse and the spread of CB1 and 259 00:10:12,058 --> 00:10:14,168 CB2 receptors across the whole body. 260 00:10:14,988 --> 00:10:16,838 There is not many places that these 261 00:10:16,838 --> 00:10:18,918 receptors don't reach in the body. 262 00:10:19,268 --> 00:10:22,158 It is an all encompassing system, and as 263 00:10:22,158 --> 00:10:24,228 I said, there is only a small amount of 264 00:10:24,248 --> 00:10:26,318 areas that aren't covered by this system. 265 00:10:26,913 --> 00:10:29,653 What we have is our own endocannabinoids 266 00:10:29,923 --> 00:10:32,683 and cannabinoids that can interact 267 00:10:32,743 --> 00:10:34,293 with these particular receptors. 268 00:10:37,413 --> 00:10:40,583 So CB1 is primarily located in 269 00:10:40,593 --> 00:10:42,393 the central nervous system and the 270 00:10:42,393 --> 00:10:45,093 brain, and the first to be isolated. 271 00:10:45,733 --> 00:10:47,713 CB2 receptors are present in the immune 272 00:10:47,713 --> 00:10:50,263 system and specific immune cells. 273 00:10:50,633 --> 00:10:52,523 We also have, throughout the central 274 00:10:52,523 --> 00:10:54,863 nervous system and also they play a role 275 00:10:54,868 --> 00:10:56,573 in the effect of the cannabinoids on 276 00:10:56,573 --> 00:10:58,493 inflammation and immunological function. 277 00:10:58,993 --> 00:11:00,283 So there is a little bit 278 00:11:00,283 --> 00:11:01,413 of information there about 279 00:11:01,413 --> 00:11:03,093 where they exhibit the effects. 280 00:11:03,223 --> 00:11:04,213 They also modulate the 281 00:11:04,213 --> 00:11:05,503 activity of the calcium and the 282 00:11:05,503 --> 00:11:07,603 potassium channels ion channels. 283 00:11:09,308 --> 00:11:10,858 So here we have more 284 00:11:10,859 --> 00:11:11,982 cannabinoid receptors. 285 00:11:12,202 --> 00:11:14,062 Now there are a few more, but 286 00:11:14,062 --> 00:11:15,862 these are the major ones that I 287 00:11:15,862 --> 00:11:17,542 wanted to present to you today. 288 00:11:17,602 --> 00:11:19,512 So you had a really good overall, 289 00:11:19,572 --> 00:11:21,952 information, area for cannabis. 290 00:11:22,652 --> 00:11:25,212 GPR18 is recently discovered, a 291 00:11:25,212 --> 00:11:27,982 non CB1, CB2 receptor expressed 292 00:11:27,992 --> 00:11:30,912 in the immune tissues and exerts a 293 00:11:30,912 --> 00:11:32,232 variety of physiological effects, 294 00:11:32,262 --> 00:11:33,992 and it's still being investigated. 295 00:11:34,042 --> 00:11:36,632 GPR55 is activated by cannabinoids 296 00:11:36,632 --> 00:11:39,062 like THC and CBD as well as 297 00:11:39,062 --> 00:11:41,802 endogenous cannabinoids like 2AG, 298 00:11:41,822 --> 00:11:42,992 which I'll talk about in a minute. 299 00:11:42,997 --> 00:11:44,312 And anandamide, which 300 00:11:44,312 --> 00:11:45,842 is our beautiful bliss. 301 00:11:46,592 --> 00:11:48,682 So TRP V1. 302 00:11:48,962 --> 00:11:51,602 And this compound gives spicy peppers, 303 00:11:51,602 --> 00:11:54,122 their heat, and it can also be activated 304 00:11:54,122 --> 00:11:57,087 by cannabinoids and anandamide and THC. 305 00:11:57,087 --> 00:11:58,427 This is really closely 306 00:11:58,427 --> 00:11:59,887 involved in pain perception. 307 00:12:01,607 --> 00:12:04,857 So, when I'm treating my, my clients, 308 00:12:05,067 --> 00:12:07,377 , and I was asked this last night, and 309 00:12:07,607 --> 00:12:09,907 it's really, hard to pick out all these 310 00:12:09,927 --> 00:12:11,927 tools that we are constantly learning. 311 00:12:12,457 --> 00:12:14,177 And cannabis is just one of 312 00:12:14,187 --> 00:12:15,637 those parts of the tools. 313 00:12:15,647 --> 00:12:18,812 However, because of its expanse 314 00:12:18,812 --> 00:12:21,822 across the whole body, it can have so 315 00:12:21,942 --> 00:12:24,822 many uses, but it's set and setting. 316 00:12:25,162 --> 00:12:26,715 And it really is important to 317 00:12:26,715 --> 00:12:29,225 actually know when and how and 318 00:12:29,225 --> 00:12:31,185 where and what, just like any other 319 00:12:31,185 --> 00:12:33,265 tool that we're using to put it in. 320 00:12:33,265 --> 00:12:34,755 I will talk through a little bit more 321 00:12:34,755 --> 00:12:37,115 about posology, which is docid, later 322 00:12:37,115 --> 00:12:40,410 on, but when we have our own use for 323 00:12:40,540 --> 00:12:43,240 these receptors and these are anandamide. 324 00:12:43,570 --> 00:12:46,010 And these are our own endocannabinoids, 325 00:12:46,380 --> 00:12:50,100 and so they can actually help bind and 326 00:12:50,140 --> 00:12:52,390 support our receptor strength as well. 327 00:12:52,965 --> 00:12:56,535 So this binds to CB1 receptor, anandamide. 328 00:12:56,885 --> 00:12:59,455 This is the runner's high, so you go for 329 00:12:59,455 --> 00:13:01,235 a run and you feel on top of the world. 330 00:13:01,475 --> 00:13:03,485 It is the most amazing feeling. 331 00:13:03,875 --> 00:13:05,905 Unfortunately, I get that, but I also 332 00:13:05,945 --> 00:13:09,135 have a genetic trait that will break 333 00:13:09,135 --> 00:13:11,385 down my anandamide too quickly, which I 334 00:13:11,385 --> 00:13:13,345 found out when I did the genetic testing. 335 00:13:13,695 --> 00:13:15,395 So I have to do lots of running. 336 00:13:15,935 --> 00:13:17,775 So associated also with mood 337 00:13:17,775 --> 00:13:20,025 regulation And pleasure. 338 00:13:20,615 --> 00:13:22,355 Anandamide's effects are diverse and can 339 00:13:22,355 --> 00:13:25,145 include pain modulation, appetite control, 340 00:13:25,185 --> 00:13:27,065 and regulation of stress responses. 341 00:13:27,555 --> 00:13:28,895 And it is synthesized on 342 00:13:28,895 --> 00:13:30,425 demand and in response to 343 00:13:30,425 --> 00:13:32,225 specific physiological signals. 344 00:13:33,095 --> 00:13:36,255 So, as I said, it is broken down by FAAH, 345 00:13:37,025 --> 00:13:39,645 and that is unfortunately my problem. 346 00:13:39,755 --> 00:13:41,215 So I'm more susceptible to stress 347 00:13:41,885 --> 00:13:43,835 if I don't have enough anandamide. 348 00:13:44,750 --> 00:13:46,930 2AG is another, so these are 349 00:13:46,930 --> 00:13:48,520 also called our signaling 350 00:13:48,520 --> 00:13:50,440 molecules, these endocannabinoids. 351 00:13:51,030 --> 00:13:53,630 So 2AG, prominent endocannabinoid, 352 00:13:53,630 --> 00:13:56,010 it interacts with both receptors and 353 00:13:56,010 --> 00:13:57,640 it's found in high concentrations 354 00:13:57,780 --> 00:13:59,550 in the central nervous system. 355 00:14:00,040 --> 00:14:01,950 And 2AG plays a significant role in 356 00:14:01,950 --> 00:14:05,320 modulating pain, perception, inflammation, 357 00:14:05,790 --> 00:14:07,920 immune responses and neuroprotection. 358 00:14:08,615 --> 00:14:11,125 So it is produced in larger quantities, 359 00:14:11,415 --> 00:14:13,185 than compared to anandamide, and 360 00:14:13,185 --> 00:14:14,565 it's stored in cell membranes where 361 00:14:14,565 --> 00:14:16,205 it can be released as needed in 362 00:14:16,205 --> 00:14:17,755 response to physiological states. 363 00:14:20,665 --> 00:14:21,295 So we also have 364 00:14:21,325 --> 00:14:22,945 endocannabinoid like compounds. 365 00:14:22,945 --> 00:14:25,425 So we have NADA, PEA, 366 00:14:25,755 --> 00:14:27,975 OEA, and also 2- AGE. 367 00:14:30,610 --> 00:14:32,620 Because of my systematic mind, and 368 00:14:32,620 --> 00:14:34,490 I like to treat, and I like to know, 369 00:14:35,100 --> 00:14:36,770 and I'm very inquisitive around 370 00:14:36,770 --> 00:14:39,490 all of this, you know, well, how do 371 00:14:39,490 --> 00:14:42,140 we know what we're going to treat? 372 00:14:42,170 --> 00:14:44,090 Or how do we know if we need to treat? 373 00:14:44,180 --> 00:14:45,570 These are the biggest questions, like, 374 00:14:45,950 --> 00:14:48,680 I've got cannabis, who needs to use it? 375 00:14:48,740 --> 00:14:49,920 How am I going to determine this? 376 00:14:49,930 --> 00:14:51,680 So, this is where detection comes in. 377 00:14:52,260 --> 00:14:53,280 And this is again part of the 378 00:14:53,280 --> 00:14:54,950 framework for health optimization 379 00:14:54,950 --> 00:14:55,870 medicine and practice. 380 00:14:56,350 --> 00:14:57,840 So we can assess tone, and I'll talk a 381 00:14:57,840 --> 00:14:59,300 little bit more about tone in a minute. 382 00:14:59,390 --> 00:15:01,100 And this is a major part of detection. 383 00:15:02,220 --> 00:15:04,710 We can use reports like endoDNA 384 00:15:05,410 --> 00:15:06,190 the one that I was talking 385 00:15:06,190 --> 00:15:07,190 about before where you can 386 00:15:07,190 --> 00:15:09,060 actually test your, addiction. 387 00:15:09,360 --> 00:15:11,610 You can, test your, breakdown. 388 00:15:11,620 --> 00:15:14,500 You can test your specific surrounding 389 00:15:14,540 --> 00:15:17,990 need for certain ratios with, cannabis. 390 00:15:18,550 --> 00:15:19,680 You can also test the plasma, 391 00:15:19,680 --> 00:15:20,860 but it's quite invasive. 392 00:15:20,910 --> 00:15:22,550 The cerebral spine, spinal fluid. 393 00:15:23,130 --> 00:15:25,955 And as Kiran told me last night, 394 00:15:25,965 --> 00:15:27,725 there is GI testing that can 395 00:15:27,725 --> 00:15:29,635 test for receptor strength. 396 00:15:30,185 --> 00:15:32,245 We have multiples and I'm sure there is 397 00:15:32,245 --> 00:15:35,305 a lot more to come in terms of testing 398 00:15:35,315 --> 00:15:38,155 for detection of endocannabinoid system. 399 00:15:38,665 --> 00:15:40,385 So therefore, how do we correct? 400 00:15:40,415 --> 00:15:41,645 And correction comes from 401 00:15:41,645 --> 00:15:43,925 phytoendocannabinoids, using correct 402 00:15:43,975 --> 00:15:45,475 posology, which I call it, you 403 00:15:45,475 --> 00:15:47,975 know, it's a dosing, and home height 404 00:15:47,975 --> 00:15:49,535 foundational health balancing. 405 00:15:49,875 --> 00:15:51,975 You want that brickwork, and this is what, 406 00:15:51,985 --> 00:15:53,985 in a very simple term, we talk about at 407 00:15:53,995 --> 00:15:55,755 Health Optimization Medicine and Practice. 408 00:15:55,985 --> 00:15:57,985 It's that foundational brickwork, so 409 00:15:57,985 --> 00:16:00,355 therefore we can optimize on top of that. 410 00:16:00,595 --> 00:16:03,385 And that is the, um, the beautiful 411 00:16:03,385 --> 00:16:05,335 picture of health optimization. 412 00:16:07,205 --> 00:16:08,445 Alright, so the endocannabinoid 413 00:16:08,445 --> 00:16:11,035 tone theory, or ECT, or clinical 414 00:16:11,065 --> 00:16:12,515 endocannabinoid deficiency. 415 00:16:12,945 --> 00:16:15,575 So here we have low and high symptoms, 416 00:16:15,715 --> 00:16:18,385 so you can track via symptoms, so you 417 00:16:18,385 --> 00:16:21,595 can assess via symptoms, and this 418 00:16:21,725 --> 00:16:24,405 little part here, this is actually just 419 00:16:24,405 --> 00:16:26,705 a section out of my test, and it shows 420 00:16:26,715 --> 00:16:28,915 that, I do have a higher breakdown. 421 00:16:29,265 --> 00:16:31,295 So the individual endocannabinoid 422 00:16:31,295 --> 00:16:32,695 tone reflects the levels of 423 00:16:32,715 --> 00:16:35,975 endocannabinoids like anandamide and 424 00:16:35,975 --> 00:16:38,135 2AG and their synthesis, catabolism 425 00:16:38,205 --> 00:16:40,255 and cannabinoid receptor density. 426 00:16:40,715 --> 00:16:42,545 So deficiency may cause conditions like 427 00:16:42,595 --> 00:16:44,805 migraine, fibromyalgia, irritable bowel 428 00:16:44,825 --> 00:16:47,385 syndrome and pain while excess may occur 429 00:16:47,635 --> 00:16:49,685 in obesity and metabolic conditions 430 00:16:49,685 --> 00:16:52,035 as you can see on that diagram there. 431 00:16:52,965 --> 00:16:54,015 So decreased tone may 432 00:16:54,015 --> 00:16:55,315 lower pain threshold. 433 00:16:55,365 --> 00:16:56,335 So that's some of the things that 434 00:16:56,335 --> 00:16:57,905 you can see with clients, and 435 00:16:57,915 --> 00:17:00,415 impact digestion, mood, and sleep. 436 00:17:01,045 --> 00:17:03,615 So tone can decrease also due to 437 00:17:03,645 --> 00:17:05,855 genetic and congenital injury or 438 00:17:05,855 --> 00:17:08,065 disease related reasons as well. 439 00:17:09,245 --> 00:17:10,645 So this little diagram down the 440 00:17:10,645 --> 00:17:14,055 bottom here is the trifecta, 441 00:17:14,115 --> 00:17:15,605 coined by Russo as well. 442 00:17:15,935 --> 00:17:17,175 This is more common in women and 443 00:17:17,175 --> 00:17:18,975 I've seen this in a few of my 444 00:17:18,975 --> 00:17:20,695 clients, which has been fascinating 445 00:17:20,715 --> 00:17:22,965 after I did the research here. 446 00:17:23,445 --> 00:17:25,955 And you see a combination of these, 447 00:17:26,335 --> 00:17:27,905 different symptoms, whether it's all 448 00:17:27,905 --> 00:17:31,005 three or two, migraine, fibromyalgia, 449 00:17:31,015 --> 00:17:32,635 irritable bowel, more common in women. 450 00:17:33,045 --> 00:17:34,675 And this is, significant of 451 00:17:34,675 --> 00:17:36,035 a low endocannabinoid tone. 452 00:17:38,135 --> 00:17:38,525 All right. 453 00:17:39,370 --> 00:17:43,340 So pathology, cannabis is a different 454 00:17:43,520 --> 00:17:45,680 ball game when coming to prescribing. 455 00:17:45,860 --> 00:17:48,140 It can be overwhelming, it can be, 456 00:17:48,190 --> 00:17:51,400 really confusing for practitioners who 457 00:17:51,400 --> 00:17:53,320 are used to prescribing in other ways. 458 00:17:53,950 --> 00:17:55,450 So it is important to remember that 459 00:17:55,450 --> 00:17:57,490 this THC and CBD in other parts of 460 00:17:57,490 --> 00:17:58,990 the plant, of the cannabis plant 461 00:17:58,990 --> 00:18:01,090 can be biphasic in properties. 462 00:18:01,280 --> 00:18:02,660 Low can give. 463 00:18:02,955 --> 00:18:04,595 Low and high doses, so they generate the 464 00:18:04,595 --> 00:18:08,565 opposite effect, so low can produce high 465 00:18:08,575 --> 00:18:11,525 effects and high can produce low effects. 466 00:18:11,915 --> 00:18:13,925 So starting slow and going 467 00:18:13,925 --> 00:18:16,185 slow, is really the key when it 468 00:18:16,185 --> 00:18:17,705 comes to cannabis prescribing. 469 00:18:18,585 --> 00:18:20,875 So it can be very effective at low dose. 470 00:18:21,645 --> 00:18:23,515 So I'll show you, a teeter strategy, 471 00:18:23,555 --> 00:18:25,215 so it's really, important, and 472 00:18:25,215 --> 00:18:26,565 I've noticed this through my clients 473 00:18:26,565 --> 00:18:28,755 as well, is to teeter, or titer 474 00:18:28,785 --> 00:18:30,515 the dose really, really slowly. 475 00:18:30,715 --> 00:18:32,055 And you can actually get to a point 476 00:18:32,055 --> 00:18:33,185 where you're getting impact and 477 00:18:33,185 --> 00:18:34,675 then bring that back down again. 478 00:18:34,915 --> 00:18:37,295 And it's individual for each and every 479 00:18:37,295 --> 00:18:39,735 person, so you can't give a specific dose 480 00:18:40,245 --> 00:18:43,232 for one person and expect to suit all as 481 00:18:43,232 --> 00:18:44,762 we do with all of the other medicines. 482 00:18:45,372 --> 00:18:46,422 So here you can see a little 483 00:18:46,422 --> 00:18:48,132 bit of an idea there and the 484 00:18:48,312 --> 00:18:50,072 interactions that it has within 485 00:18:50,072 --> 00:18:52,042 the within the enzymes as well. 486 00:18:52,092 --> 00:18:55,192 So we have the CBD and also CBN and THC. 487 00:18:58,502 --> 00:19:01,402 So here, is just a bit of an example of 488 00:19:01,402 --> 00:19:03,892 what it might look like, to see a little 489 00:19:03,892 --> 00:19:06,102 bit of a tater dosing strategy there. 490 00:19:06,872 --> 00:19:09,002 There's also so many forms of cannabis. 491 00:19:09,642 --> 00:19:11,392 And that is the confusing part as 492 00:19:11,392 --> 00:19:13,552 well, we've got smoking, vaporizing, 493 00:19:13,592 --> 00:19:15,712 edibles, juicing, tinctures, capsules, 494 00:19:16,172 --> 00:19:18,112 suppositories, and topical as well. 495 00:19:18,572 --> 00:19:19,592 What do we choose? 496 00:19:19,632 --> 00:19:21,312 And that's also considerations 497 00:19:21,322 --> 00:19:22,722 for our clients as well. 498 00:19:23,282 --> 00:19:26,092 Vaporizing is preferable over smoking. 499 00:19:26,102 --> 00:19:28,042 Smoking, we do have impacts on the lungs. 500 00:19:29,382 --> 00:19:31,752 Everyone knows the side effects of THC. 501 00:19:31,752 --> 00:19:31,837 Alright. 502 00:19:33,547 --> 00:19:35,087 That's the one that obviously gets us 503 00:19:35,087 --> 00:19:36,597 high, but it can be disorientating, so 504 00:19:36,597 --> 00:19:38,157 that can come with dizziness, it can 505 00:19:38,157 --> 00:19:40,337 come with, feeling a little bit nauseous, 506 00:19:40,567 --> 00:19:42,877 same with CBD, but there's more of us 507 00:19:42,877 --> 00:19:44,797 know the side effects, and it can be 508 00:19:45,117 --> 00:19:46,837 unpleasant for some and pleasant for 509 00:19:46,837 --> 00:19:48,627 some, depending on what you're expecting 510 00:19:48,657 --> 00:19:50,467 and the dose that you're using for these. 511 00:19:51,117 --> 00:19:53,707 Although normally CBD is relatively 512 00:19:53,747 --> 00:19:55,547 safe and doesn't come with side 513 00:19:55,547 --> 00:19:57,847 effects, it can have a few, and 514 00:19:57,847 --> 00:19:59,457 these are the ones that, we look at. 515 00:19:59,687 --> 00:20:01,657 So sedation, decreased appetite, 516 00:20:01,667 --> 00:20:04,497 elevated liver function tests, vomiting, 517 00:20:04,507 --> 00:20:06,657 pneumonia, and there's some that can 518 00:20:06,657 --> 00:20:09,177 lead to a little bit of, , tiredness and 519 00:20:09,177 --> 00:20:11,717 then obviously not recommended to smoke 520 00:20:11,737 --> 00:20:13,437 because of the side effects on the lungs. 521 00:20:15,912 --> 00:20:18,952 All right, so it wouldn't be complete 522 00:20:19,012 --> 00:20:20,632 without looking at what else you can 523 00:20:20,632 --> 00:20:22,782 do for your endocannabinoid system. 524 00:20:23,242 --> 00:20:25,962 But fats is a big one to have as a 525 00:20:25,962 --> 00:20:28,892 combination with your CBD, and they 526 00:20:28,892 --> 00:20:31,662 found that it was increased by 14 times 527 00:20:31,662 --> 00:20:33,462 in the blood when consumed with fats. 528 00:20:33,462 --> 00:20:35,162 In this little diagram here, all of 529 00:20:35,162 --> 00:20:38,102 these are huge components of, being 530 00:20:38,102 --> 00:20:40,732 healthy, of your endocannabinoid 531 00:20:40,742 --> 00:20:43,792 system health, and this is, social 532 00:20:43,792 --> 00:20:45,332 interactions pulled out there, just 533 00:20:45,332 --> 00:20:48,032 as an example, but all of these things 534 00:20:48,202 --> 00:20:50,482 are equally as important to balance 535 00:20:50,492 --> 00:20:52,402 a really good endocannabinoid system. 536 00:20:54,777 --> 00:20:55,647 All right, so we have 537 00:20:55,687 --> 00:20:57,477 some misconceptions here. 538 00:20:58,087 --> 00:21:00,077 There's concerns obviously, the stigma 539 00:21:00,127 --> 00:21:01,857 surrounding cannabis the more we 540 00:21:01,857 --> 00:21:03,647 know about it and the way that we 541 00:21:03,647 --> 00:21:05,297 can see it grown and all these other 542 00:21:05,297 --> 00:21:06,757 things is really, really important. 543 00:21:07,367 --> 00:21:09,267 So we have here some quality 544 00:21:09,267 --> 00:21:11,297 variances at alteration, we've 545 00:21:11,297 --> 00:21:13,847 got the pesticide residue, heavy 546 00:21:13,847 --> 00:21:15,967 metal contamination, being that 547 00:21:15,967 --> 00:21:18,757 bioaccumulator, it can take on a lot more. 548 00:21:19,237 --> 00:21:21,437 So the use of various growth hormones, 549 00:21:21,477 --> 00:21:23,107 they all affect the profile of the 550 00:21:23,107 --> 00:21:25,407 cannabinoids and the terpenes as well. 551 00:21:26,162 --> 00:21:27,392 So IQ is a huge one. 552 00:21:27,392 --> 00:21:27,882 Jodi: A lot of people 553 00:21:27,882 --> 00:21:30,532 associate cannabis with low IQ. 554 00:21:30,972 --> 00:21:31,882 That's where the stoner 555 00:21:31,882 --> 00:21:33,282 and the pothead comes in. 556 00:21:34,032 --> 00:21:36,102 And, increased consumption has been 557 00:21:36,102 --> 00:21:38,362 associated with lower short term memory. 558 00:21:38,692 --> 00:21:40,432 However, they found that this is not 559 00:21:40,442 --> 00:21:42,032 a permanent change and it generally 560 00:21:42,032 --> 00:21:44,292 resolves, except when there has 561 00:21:44,292 --> 00:21:46,362 been chronic use at a younger age. 562 00:21:47,322 --> 00:21:48,042 And this is the same 563 00:21:48,042 --> 00:21:49,562 with psychosis as well. 564 00:21:49,962 --> 00:21:52,612 So we can test for schizophrenic 565 00:21:52,692 --> 00:21:54,172 tendencies through genetics. 566 00:21:54,602 --> 00:21:56,562 And this is what I recommend to those who 567 00:21:56,562 --> 00:21:59,452 have had any experience or bad experience 568 00:21:59,452 --> 00:22:00,942 with cannabis in the past to make 569 00:22:00,942 --> 00:22:02,632 sure that we don't have susceptibility 570 00:22:02,632 --> 00:22:04,772 towards schizophrenia or psychosis. 571 00:22:05,422 --> 00:22:06,882 And then we're actually 572 00:22:06,882 --> 00:22:08,652 looking at more likely being a 573 00:22:08,652 --> 00:22:10,822 genetic issue if that happens. 574 00:22:11,247 --> 00:22:12,777 it's not high risk, but there's 575 00:22:12,827 --> 00:22:14,507 definitely an increased risk in some. 576 00:22:14,957 --> 00:22:17,017 And those also who have consumed it at 577 00:22:17,017 --> 00:22:19,017 a very young age in a developing brain. 578 00:22:19,797 --> 00:22:21,307 So addiction and dependence, some 579 00:22:21,307 --> 00:22:23,047 of these tests that you can, see 580 00:22:23,047 --> 00:22:24,427 who's more likely to become 581 00:22:24,427 --> 00:22:26,397 addicted to substances and not. 582 00:22:26,857 --> 00:22:29,487 4 percent compared to 14 percent 583 00:22:29,497 --> 00:22:32,027 alcohol, what's worse, yeah? 584 00:22:32,117 --> 00:22:33,467 Now, fertility is a big one. 585 00:22:33,597 --> 00:22:35,337 There's more research that is needed. 586 00:22:35,797 --> 00:22:37,687 THC is mainly associated with the 587 00:22:37,697 --> 00:22:39,797 fertility issues, reduced sperm quality 588 00:22:39,797 --> 00:22:41,407 and menstrual cycle disturbances. 589 00:22:41,867 --> 00:22:43,987 Obviously not recommended in pregnancy 590 00:22:44,267 --> 00:22:46,767 and normally with my clients, I 591 00:22:46,767 --> 00:22:48,277 tell them to avoid cannabis for a 592 00:22:48,277 --> 00:22:49,627 period of time, especially when I'm 593 00:22:49,627 --> 00:22:50,987 looking at my fertility clients. 594 00:22:51,652 --> 00:22:51,832 Now, 595 00:22:51,832 --> 00:22:51,832 Jodi Duval_Cannabis for Health Optimization: 596 00:22:51,832 --> 00:22:54,772 I found personal lubricants, inhalers, 597 00:22:54,922 --> 00:22:57,021 inhalable powders, toothpaste, 598 00:22:57,071 --> 00:23:00,191 breast strips, pet products, and 599 00:23:00,591 --> 00:23:04,031 beer, cocktails, it goes on. 600 00:23:04,041 --> 00:23:04,861 So, there's so much more 601 00:23:05,111 --> 00:23:06,831 coming out at the moment. 602 00:23:07,281 --> 00:23:08,911 However, as you can imagine, 603 00:23:08,981 --> 00:23:10,451 , there is consumer issues. 604 00:23:10,481 --> 00:23:13,221 We have quality, consistency, dosing, 605 00:23:13,241 --> 00:23:16,291 we have cultivation practices, tracking, 606 00:23:16,321 --> 00:23:18,081 pesticides and chemical residues, 607 00:23:18,081 --> 00:23:20,511 molds and fungus, heavy metals, 608 00:23:20,511 --> 00:23:23,661 microbial contamination, and it goes on. 609 00:23:23,821 --> 00:23:25,171 Standardization, testing 610 00:23:25,171 --> 00:23:26,801 challenges, regulatory oversight. 611 00:23:27,211 --> 00:23:28,831 Label and packaging, confusing 612 00:23:28,831 --> 00:23:29,871 packaging, and this is where 613 00:23:29,871 --> 00:23:31,421 Delta A got itself into trouble. 614 00:23:31,671 --> 00:23:33,851 You can get 10 milligram THC beer 615 00:23:34,031 --> 00:23:36,761 with the effect in 20 to 30 minutes. 616 00:23:37,241 --> 00:23:39,041 Overall I really wanted you guys all 617 00:23:39,041 --> 00:23:41,111 to take away from this is that the 618 00:23:41,111 --> 00:23:45,191 curiosity for cannabis, to have an ability 619 00:23:45,191 --> 00:23:47,261 to see it as something quite special. 620 00:23:47,311 --> 00:23:49,741 It's this overarching, impact on 621 00:23:49,741 --> 00:23:51,471 this system behind a system, which I 622 00:23:51,471 --> 00:23:53,841 call it, and the endocannabinoidome, 623 00:23:53,861 --> 00:23:57,311 which is this intricate, huge part 624 00:23:57,341 --> 00:23:59,031 of controlling so many different 625 00:23:59,031 --> 00:24:00,851 physiological processes within our body. 626 00:24:01,481 --> 00:24:03,541 So thank you for listening to me. 627 00:24:03,881 --> 00:24:07,401 And we do have the advanced cannabis 628 00:24:07,401 --> 00:24:09,081 course, if anyone is wondering. 629 00:24:09,101 --> 00:24:10,151 So if you want more, 630 00:24:10,481 --> 00:24:11,701 it's a lot more in there.